Article



Dados vol. 32 n. 3 Rio de Janeiro 1989

Entre a Liberdade dos Antigos e a dos Modernos: A República no Brasil

Carvalho, José Murilo de

Abstract

Three models of republicanism are identified at the time of Brazil's Proclamation of the Republic. Using the terminology of Benjamin Constant, the first of these can be characterized as corresponding to the "liberty of ancients" (direct participation) and the second, to the "liberty of the moderns" (representation); the third is the positivist model. The difficulties encountered in applying the three models to Brazil, and the distortions these models have suffered, are discussed. It is suggested that these difficulties have to do with the Jack of a sense of national identity.

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Entre a Liberdade dos Antigos e a dos Modernos: A República no Brasil