Dados is one of the most widely-read social sciences journals in Latin America. Created in 1966, it publishes innovative works, originating from academic research, by Brazilian and foreign authors. Edited by IESP-UERJ, it aims to reconcile scientific rigor and academic excellence with an emphasis on public debate based on the analysis of substantive issues of society and politics.
Dados vol. 62 n. 1 Rio de Janeiro 2019-04-18 2019
Abstract
ABSTRACT Inequalities along the income distribution, as well as the influence of the number of children over men and women’s labour force participation, are scarcely explored themes in Brazil. This article investigates the influence of children on women’s labour force participation and quantifies the gender gap by income classes. Our estimates controls for selection biases into the labour force, and takes into account baseline differences in human capital and the number of children in the household. We conclude that there is a severe motherhood penalty for poor women’s participation in the labour market, but maternity is not the main factor influencing the gender gap. We also conclude that income inequalities favor men in the lowest and middle classes, but not among the richest.
Keywords: income inequalities, motherhood penalty, quantile regressions
Differences in Labour Force Participation and Wage Gaps by Gender and Income Classes: an Investigation of the Motherhood Penalty in Brazil Inequalities
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